Description
A homologous chromosome is a pair of two chromosomes – one from the father, one from the mother. Homozygous means that both alleles on the homologous chromosomes are the same. In homozygous individuals, the alleles can either both be dominant (displayed in capital letters e.g. AA) or both recessive (displayed in small letters e.g. aa). For example, being heterozygous for a recessive trait like blue eyes means that it is unlikely to develop those. Being homozygous for this trait, on the other hand, means that you will have blue eyes.