rs4819554

SNPs are specific locations in the DNA where genetic variations can occur. Every person has a unique composition of variations.

SNP rs4819554 is located on chromosome 22. The most common variation at this position is the genetic letter

In humans the DNA is made up of the molecules called nucleotides. One part of the molecule is a variable base. In total there are four bases: adenine (A), guanine (G), cytosine (C), thymine (T) and they are referred to as genetic letters.

G. People with other variations might either have letter A or C instead.

Since humans have each chromosome

Chromosomes are long strings of DNA wrapped around proteins in the cell nucleus. In total, human body cells contain two sets of 23 chromosomes, one from each parent, resulting in 46 chromosomes in total.

twice (one from each parent), these letter-variations occur on both chromosomes. People can have the same or different letters on both chromosomes. Every person's individual variation assembly is referred to as genotype. For SNP rs4819554 there are 3 currently known genotypes: C/T , T/T or C/C

This interactive browser visualizes what no human can see with the naked eye - our DNA. From a chromosome

Chromosomes are long strings of DNA wrapped around proteins in the cell nucleus. In total, human body cells contain two sets of 23 chromosomes, one from each parent, resulting in 46 chromosomes in total.

down to a specific position on a gene

Genes are DNA segments some of which contain the information on how to build proteins, so they can be seen as a construction manual for the body.

. The position you are looking at here is the exact location of SNP rs4819554. Explore more SNPs and their effects on the body by browsing left and right along the DNA strand.

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Mitochondrial DNA

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Your genetic code influences you in many ways. This may be by either causing you to have a specific trait (eg. Eye colour) or your risk of developing a specific disease.

Each combination of genetic letters (called bases) is called a genotype for this specific SNP. Each Genotype can have a different effect on your body. The table below shows which genotype causes which traits or disease risks.

Current research shows 2 disease risks associated with rs4819554. The following table shows the relationship between genotype and effects

Found in genome wide association studies (GWAS)

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Knowing your genome can actually tell you a lot about your ancestors.

The prevalence of the different genotypes is based on the native inhabitants of a region. In the map below you see how common each genotype is in the native inhabitants of those regions. Since genetic material is passed down form generation to generation, your DNA shows traces of the geographical origins of your ancestors.

This data is based on “The 1000 Genomes Project” which established one of the most detailed overviews of human genetic variations across the globe. The regions are broadly categorized into five continental groups: Africa, America, Europe, South Asia and East Asia. All continental groups together display the global prevalence. Click through the regions, to learn more about the local prevalence of the possible genotypes.